95West Aerial Mapping 20240226 remote-sensing image Product: This orthoimagery data set includes 0.25-foot digital orthoimages in 8-bit 4-band GeoTIFF; MrSID Mosaic files (20:1 compression) and (50:1 compression) along with ECW files. The geographic extent of Bismarck-Mandan MPO covers approximately 394 total square miles. Dataset Description: The Bismarck-Mandan MPO, ND 2023 Digital Orthoimagery project comprised of planning, acquisition, processing, and derived products of imagery data collected at a ground sample distance (GSD) of 0.25-foot. Project specifications are based on the American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) standards. The data were developed based on a horizontal projection/datum of NAD83(2011) State Plane North Dakota South Zone, Int. Feet. Imagery data were delivered as 0.25-foot 8-bit 4-band GeoTIFF; MrSID RGB (MG3,20:1 compression); MrSID mosaic files (MG4, 20:1 and 50:1 compression) and ECW compressed files. Deliverables contained 1560 individual irregular tiles. Ground Conditions: Imagery was collected on May 3, 2023 , while minimal snow piles were present in shelter belts and protected areas due to a near record snowfall during the winter of 2023. Water levels were at or below acceptable levels. In order to post process the imagery data to meet task order specifications and meet ASPRS horizontal accuracy guidelines, 95West Aerial Mapping utilized airborne GPS, along with a total of 27 targeted control points to tie imagery to the ground and 15 feature identifiable check points to assess the horizontal accuracy of the Aerial Triangulation (AT) and resulting ortho imagery. These data depict geographic features on the surface of the earth. 20230503 20230503 Ground condition Complete None planned -101.297224 -100.379621 46.992633 46.643216 None 0.25-foot orthoimage GeoTIFF rectified photograph rectified image orthophoto natural color orthophoto Color CIR orthophoto image map None North Dakota Bismarck Mandan Burleigh County Morton County Lincoln No restrictions apply to these data. None. However, users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this dataset was collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of their limitations. Acknowledgement of the organization providing these data to the public would be appreciated for products derived from these data. 95West Aerial Mapping Windows 10 Enterprise; Trimble InPho Suite; Inpho Match AT /Version 13.1; POSPac MMS8 8.7; InPho OrthoMaster/OrthoVista v.14 Radiometry is verified by visual inspection of the digital orthophotos. Slight systematic radiometric differences may exist between adjacent orthoimage files; these are due primarily to differences in source image capture dates/times and sun angles along flight lines. These differences can be observed in an image's general lightness or darkness when it is compared to adjacent orthoimage file coverages. Tonal balancing was performed over a group of images during the mosaicking process which may lightened or darkened adjacent images for better color tone matching. Seamlines and tile edges are visually inspected. Seamline tone and feature mismatches have been corrected. Orthoimages are visually inspected for completeness to ensure that no gaps or image misplacements exist within and between adjacent images. These images are derived by mosaicking multiple images to ensure complete coverage. Source imagery is cloud free. The project specifications require that only horizontal accuracy be computed for orthoimagery files. The required accuracy meets or exceeds ASPRS standards. The horizontal accuracy was tested with 15 checkpoints located throughout the project area. These checkpoints were not used in the calibration or post-processing of the imagery data. The checkpoints were distributed throughout the project area and were surveyed using GPS techniques. See survey report for additional survey methodologies. The x and y positions of where the checkpoints fell on the orthoimagery were collected. These values were then compared to the surveyed control point x and y values. 0.19 Tested 0.19 feet RMSEx. The RMSEx of the imagery was calculated using 15 independent checkpoints and 27 control points. 0.15/horizpav> Tested 0.15 feet RMSEy. The RMSEy of the imagery was calculated using 15 independent checkpoints and 27 control points. 0.24 Tested 0.24 feet RMSEr. The RMSEr of the imagery was calculated using 15 independent checkpoints and 27 control points. There is no vertical component for orthophotos. Bismarck-Mandan MPO, ND 2023 vector digital data and tabular data online 2023 ground condition CONTROL Short Elliot Hendrickson (SEH) performed a geodetic control survey in support of the digital orthophoto production project. A total of 27 targeted control points were set, along with 15 check points were used for QC testing. Please see the survey report for more information. 95West Aerial Mapping 20240226 remote-sensing image external hard drive 20230503 20230503 ground condition PHOTO Aerial imagery was acquired using an UltraCam Eagle camera with a flight design that included a total of 36 flight lines. Aerial imagery was supplemented with the simultaneous acquisition of airborne GPS/IMU data, which captured the ground coordinate for the nadir point of each photograph. Aerial imagery was exposed at an altitude of 4600 feet above mean terrain. 95West Aerial Mapping 20230801 model online 2023 ground condition AT Softcopy aerotriangulation was performed utilizing the airborne GPS/IMU data, GPS ground control and image coordinate measurements allowing the direct computation of the exterior orientation parameters for each image of the project. 95West Aerial Mapping 2023 LAS data online 2023 publication date DEM 2023 LAS ground dataset provided by 95West Aerial Mapping was utilized to process digital ortho imagery. Imagery Acquisition: Digital aerial imagery was obtained using a UltraCam Eagle camera equipped with Airborne GPS/IMU. A total of 36 flight lines were collected in the spring of 2023 in multi-spectral (RGB-IR) format. The 0.25-foot imagery was acquired at an altitude above mean terrain of 4600 feet to yield a pixel resolution suitable for photogrammetric mapping and orthophoto production. The imagery was collected under conditions free from clouds and cloud shadows, heavy smoke, fog, haze, light streaks, snow, complete ice on water bodies, flooding, excessive soil moisture, and foliage. The imagery consisted of blue, green, red, and infrared bands. Imagery for the photogrammetric mapping and digital orthophotos was captured according to task order specifications regarding, snow, haze, and cloud cover. RAWs 20230503 Georefs Ground Control Point Collection: A total of 27 control points were established throughout the project area using a combination of conventional and GPS survey methods in order to support softcopy aerotriangulation and photogrammetric mapping meeting the accuracies specified in this Scope of Work. Ground control collection followed requirements set forth in the task order specifications. Please see the survey report for more information. Geodetic control 2023 Control Aerotriangulation: Softcopy aerotriangulation was performed on one large block of imagery. The airborne GPS/IMU data, GPS ground control, and image coordinate measurements were utilized to allow the direct computation of the exterior orientation parameters for each image frame to support the photogrammetric process and orthophoto production. ABGPS Control RAWs 20230801 AT Surface Creation: This process involved generating a seamless landform elevation dataset utilizing LiDAR (LAS)data provided by 95West Aerial Mapping to produce digital orthophotography that meet or exceed required orthophoto horizontal accuracy. The final gridded DEM source derived from the LAS data is suitable for orthophoto production. The DEM was utilized to then generate a Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) to support orthophoto production. DEM LiDAR 2023 DEM Orthophoto Processing: Utilizing all four bands [red (R), green (G), blue (B), and infrared (IR)] digital orthorectification was performed using bilinear interpolation algorithms software resulting in a spatial and radiometric transformation of the digital image from line/sample space into NAD83(2011) State Plane North Dakota South Zone coordinates in Int. Feet. The interior and exterior orientation parameters from the aerotriangulation process were used to project each pixel into the ground coordinate system, while the ortho grade DEM was used to correct for relief displacement. Radiometric correction software and techniques were used to create orthophoto files that minimize the appearance of image seams. Orthophotos are checked for geometric accuracy, image quality, and are tonally balanced to produce a uniform contrast and tone across the entire project. The individual overlapping orthophoto frames were mosaicked together. The ortho photos meet ASPRS horizontal accuracy standards. Georefs AT Control DEM 20240124 Orthos Raster pixel other grid system State Plane North Dakota South FIPS 3302 Coordinate System coordinate pair 0.001 0.001 feet NAD83 2011 Geodetic Reference System 80 6378137.0 298.257222101 Four band orthoimagery is organized in three color bands or channels which represent the red, green, blue (RGB) and near infrared (IR) portions of the spectrum. Each image pixel is assigned a triplet or quadruplet of numeric values, one for each color band. Numeric values range from 0 to 255. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996, Standards for Digital Orthophotos: Reston, VA. 20240226 Bismarck-Mandan MPO mailing and physical

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Bismarck ND 58506 USA 701-355-1852 701-222-6450 Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 4:30 PM (Central Time) FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 None. None. None. Unclassified NONE None. None.